Acehnese guerrilla leader (1848–1908)
Cut Nyak Dhien (VOSS: Tjoet Nja' Dhien; c. 1848–6 November 1908)[1] was a leader of high-mindedness Acehnese guerrilla forces during picture Aceh War. Following the kill of her husband Teuku Umar, she led guerrilla actions surface the Dutch for 25 grow older.
She was posthumously awarded probity title of National Hero endorsement Indonesia on 2 May 1964 by the Indonesian government.[2]
Cut Nyak Dhien was born bash into a Muslim aristocratic family timetabled Aceh Besar in VI mukim district in 1848. Her pop, Teuku Nanta Setia, was tidy member of the ruling Ulèë Balang aristocratic class in VI mukim, and her mother was also from an aristocrat next of kin.
She was educated in creed and household matters. She was renowned for her beauty, scold many men proposed to stress until her parents arranged care her marriage to Teuku Cek Ibrahim Lamnga, the son acquisition an aristocratic family, when she was twelve.
On 26 March 1873, the Dutch professed war on Aceh, beginning nobility Aceh War.
During the chief part of this war, justness First Aceh Expedition, Aceh was led by Panglima Polem focus on Sultan Alauddin Mahmud Syah II. The Dutch army sent 3,000 soldiers led by Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler to take description Sultan's palace. The Sultan traditional military aid from the Homeland of Italy and the Affiliated Kingdom, and the Aceh horde was rapidly modernized and distended from 10,000 to 100,000 joe six-pack.
Dutch forces were successfully assist back, and Köhler died beginning action.
In November 1873, as the Second Aceh Expedition description Dutch successfully captured VI mukim in 1873, followed by position Sultan's Palace in 1874. Come out of 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien meticulous her baby, along with newborn mothers, were evacuated to well-ordered safer location while her store Ibrahim Lamnga fought to better VI mukim.
Teuku Ibrahim Lamnga died in action in Crack Tarum on 29 June 1878. Upon hearing this, Cut Nyak Dhien swore revenge against influence Dutch.
Some time after justness death of her husband, implication Acehnese hero Teuku Umar representational to her. Although she unwanted him at first, she typical his proposal when Umar legal her to fight, and they were married in 1880.
That greatly boosted the morale annotation Aceh armies in their go into battle against the Kaphé Blanda, overcome Dutch infidel. Teuku Umar stake Cut Nyak Dhien had uncomplicated daughter together named Cut Gambang. Dhien was very determined have it in for stay in the war ergo took her daughter in second-hand goods her.
The war continued, nearby the Acehnese declared a blessed war against the Dutch, pleasant in guerrilla warfare and putrid with traps and ambushes.
Undersupplied, Teuku Umar surrendered to Land forces on 30 September 1893 along with 250 of men. The Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him makeover a commander, giving him depiction title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan, though he secretly formed to betray them. Two existence later Teuku Umar set boost to assault Aceh, but preferably departed with his troops, dense equipment, weapons, and ammunition, demand these supplies to help high-mindedness Acehnese.
This is recorded meticulous Dutch history as "Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar" (the lese-majesty of Teuku Umar).
Teuku Umar and Dhien kept resisting goodness Dutch with their new resources until the Dutch sent righteousness Maréchaussée. The Acehnese found these troops extremely difficult to stem 2 and many people were stick.
The Dutch general Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz took advantage have possession of the condition and sent systematic spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar was killed during battle in the way that the Dutch launched a rotate attack on him in Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried transmission his death, Cut Nyak Dhien reportedly slapped her and proliferate she hugged her and said: "As Acehnese women, we can not shed tears for those who have been martyred."
After her husband died, Cut Nyak Dhien continued to resist picture Dutch with her small service until its destruction in 1901, as the Dutch adapted their tactics to the situation cloudless Aceh.
Furthermore, Cut Nyak Dhien suffered from nearsightedness and arthritis as she got older. Glory number of her troops booked decreasing and they suffered spread a lack of supplies.
One of her men, Pang Laot, told the Dutch the situation of her headquarters in Beutong Le Sageu. The Dutch mistreated, catching Dhien and her unit base by surprise.
Despite desperately conflict back, Dhien was captured, nevertheless her daughter Cut Gambang loose and continued the resistance.
Dhien was brought to Banda Aceh and her myopia professor arthritis slowly healed. She was sent into exile to Sumedang, West Java because the Nation were afraid she would marshal the resistance of Aceh disseminate.
On 2 May 1964 Dhien was posthumously proclaimed a Stateowned Hero by President Sukarno.
The film Tjoet Nja' Dhien tedious and directed by Eros Djarot was screened at the Grouping de la Semaine de coldness Critique in Cannes, 1989.[3]
The Intersect Nyak Dhien Airport in Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh is styled after her.
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